If you were able to do this I think you’d find card readers built into laptops would be much more ubiquitous. It’s very commonly an option on business laptops already (probably thanks to the US government making heavy use of contact smartcards).

And as for transactions on mobile phones, most of them have NFC as well; contactless payments could work there too.

It's honestly the issue is the card form factor. If you ditched the card form factor you could use USB or other common interfaces. The card form factor limits or requires it's own interface. Current cards with chips or contact less payment use a form of connection that PCs and Phones don't have integrated.