Braess' Paradox and the Price of Anarchy (2019)
cadlag.org
cadlag.org
For instance "To address the consequent traffic problem, the Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project Headquarters established traffic flow measures "
"The project contributed to a 15.1% increase in bus ridership and a 3.3% increase in subway ridership"
It was a billion restoration project.
It is a good example how any superficial improvement to traffic where a road is removed is called Braess' Paradox.
Or anytime a road is added or upgraded and it gets worse for anyone, everyone says Braess' Paradox.
I wonder if the efficient outcome is restored again by allowing agents to pay each other to take a certain route. For example, agent 1 could get 0.009 from the other 99 agents for agreeing to take the detour. Thereby, the 99 agents save 0.01-0.009=0.001 each and the one agent gains 99*0.009-0.5=0.4 or so.
Same for map apps
Everyone takes the highway because it is the fastest way to travel. However every additional car does slow it down. And this will continue until travel times on the highway either match non-highway travel times or the road literally can't handle more people. But no one thinks that driving the car to the grocery store across town to redeem a coupon is "selfish", because everyone thinks they're in traffic, not that they are traffic.
Sometimes you have one or a few items, and someone in front will let you pass. (Will wait)
Other times someone in front of you has a lot and they apologize for holding up the line. You might think, no problem at all. (Is patient)
And yet others are so harried and stressed they will take every advantage offered. (Always go)
Seems there is enough variation just on personal experience. Supermarket lines could be a good simulation.
Price of Anarchy it a legitimate issue.
See beefmans link for how they tie together better.
I'd like to know if there's anything interesting outside of a lab to the result.