If the money doesn't get paid back, THEN it would be an economic loss. For the hedge fund.
Your friend typos the bank transfer and pays me $1000.
I don't think it's unreasonable for me to assume you're paying back the whole loan at that point. Maybe you've come to an arrangement with your friend, maybe you've paid them in cash, whatever, that's between you and your friend. As far as I'm concerned we've concluded our business.
I am not certain that this logic scales to 9 figures.
Being a creditor does not magically entitle you to the entire value of the loan from someone at your whim. Due process must be followed. That's risk.
Initiating or benefiting off of what amounts to a mistaken transaction by a proxy agency, which ultimately proves to be unauthorized is quite literally theft.
My goodness, I'm so glad I don't do business with most people given the responses I'm seeing in this thread. It seriously leads me to think that people need to spend some time internalizing what it means to be a responsible financial facilitator.
Hint: Exploiting clerical errors to perform margin calls isn't it. That's how you spook people out of doing good business, which makes the market that much riskier for everyone else. I hate finance, and even I grok that.
Imagine three friends. One owes money to another one, and a third acts as some kind of financially responsible intermediary. A owes money to B, and C is the intermediary.
A says to C "Hey pay back B" and even though A means "pay back the portion I owe this month" C "accidentally" pays the loan back to B in full.
Does B have to give the money back? If B refuses to give the money back to C, is B "stealing" fron C?
If anything, the matter has been simplified. Instead of a three-party contract, it becomes a two-party contract between A and C and B can merrily go on her way.