To extend on that, the US releases about 5.1 billion tons of CO2 in a year. Each gallon of gasoline release roughly 20 pounds of CO2. That means that 1 gallon of gas would be taxed at $7.84 if we pollute at our current rates.
1 US gallon = 3.8 litres
$7.84 per gallon = $2.06/€1.75 per litre
Russia €0.55/$0.65 per litre
China €0.80/$0.94
Spain €1.66/$1.95
Germany €1.29/$1.51
UK €1.21/$1.42
Netherlands €1.67/$1.96