The issue seems more complicated than just the first amendment, which only proscribes the restrictions of your free speech. In general I think the underlying dynamic is that culture itself has become a hostile battleground and expressing an opinion is likely to get people riled up and breathing down your neck. In short, people are flat-out shitty to each other these days. It sucks. No one wants to speak up in that environment.
But even then I'd challenge your first couple of statements. There are whole lot of consequences for defying the political leadership these days, especially when you bring evidence that they might have committed crimes. It's a nightmare right now.