An org chart is like a B-tree; if you split it up and create a new node too early, you'll have more inefficient hierarchy than you need. Wait until one team is getting large before splitting it into multiples.
(I'm of the firm belief that if you can't go and reach beyond your direct chain casually, something is wrong with the culture. This doesn't mean that one should be doing that, it just means that one can. Apply your best judgment to the situation of course)
I have worked under managers where you designate a point person for a project who can review and as a process mentor people.
But I have also worked under managers who have some kind of subconscious pressure to treat all reportees equal so they hesitate in even acknowledging that 2 people have different calibre and thus everyone either works independently or collaborates : so if you find something bad, you either fix it yourself and move on, but you don't talk about it (part of this is driven by the need to protect bad hiring decisions but if you do not mentor them you make things even worse a year down the line - ok this may be my bias showing up here but hey we are all biased) except in a weekly staff meeting where with many people and limited time you can cover very little.
So just curious what mechanisms do people set up to mentor people within a team without designating a reporting relationship?
IMO that kind of manager is just a bad manager. Same with school teachers who treat to treat all the kids exactly the same. I get the sentiment, but in reality everybody is different with different strengths and weaknesses, and also different needs.
> So just curious what mechanisms do people set up to mentor people within a team without designating a reporting relationship?
I think in many cases (esp. if there is a big difference in experience level between the mentor and mentee) it is quite similar to a reporting relationship. The main difference is that a mentor doesn't have the authority to make a mentee do something in the way that a manager does. If everything goes well, then such conflict should never arise, or only rarely.
As someone who went through this myself, it's a lot easier to set up mentoring within the same team as just knowledge transfer at the beginning.
Sometimes practically it might have been about technical stuff, but really it was mostly about helping people communicate better and helping them navigate the structure of the company to feel more at ease with its different parts. Sometimes it enabled them to bring to the surface skills they weren't confident they had or that they had but weren't being put to use. People outside the team would also tend to notice the change positively, which can have an impact on a junior's career path. IMO, for most people in tech the problem is fairly frequently anything-that-isn't-tech-itself.
It can be very empowering within a team to have people who grow beyond their comfort zone with the perspective of a more experienced person who also knows your day-to-day struggles.
Of course that implies working in teams where there's an investment in the teams, in the individuals, in the value of long-term returns of such growth, etc. Not a fit for every company - I just happen to have experienced such things at a very nourishing place.
There are lots of teams at Google where an L6-7 manager has reports who are anywhere from L3 to L7; this, in fact, has been my experience the entire 5 years I've worked there. This shouldn't be a problem at all, and hasn't been in my experience.
I have, in fact, been in exactly the situation where I'm mentoring a new-grad who is assigned my subteam. I'm the TL, but not their manager, so the relationship and responsibility is very clear.
Not having someone whose full time job is being responsible for a project's success or failure has it's own set of drawbacks
Fix that and you'll ensure the project of setting up the team actually works, therefore as the "n+2" it's your responsibility until then. Managing is also about ensuring that the people who work under your management have all the tools to succeed, and a badly formed reporting structure for them is on you as a manager.
At the very least, in a situation where that 1 -> 1 -> 1 thing might occur, a conversation including all three parties should occur, where everyone can acknowledge the situation, voice their wishes or concerns towards a structure or another, and go forward with a shared understanding. That way, even if it doesn't please someone, they consciously "disagree and commit".
But 0.2(oversees 5 projects) -> 2 isn't necessarily better than .2 -> 1 -> 1
It will take more time for the two people since one more people will be included, but that's where opting-out is more comfortable than opting-in: you could have a discussion about the reporting part together and figure out what's most comfortable for everyone (whether it is only sending one person regularly or if both are there, etc). It can even be an opportunity for growth for the more junior person if they take on the reporting duty, since they'll have the help of someone more experienced and they'll hold more responsibilities than they otherwise would have. And all this can be decided by the people involved, who will know better than anyone else what they've actually done.
For expediency, so you don't spend too much time bike shedding, and for consistency so you either deliver a polished and robust application late or a rough application on time instead of a half reliable, half polished application a little late.
Most of these decision should be made at the organization level or by a person full time on the team. And usually the person who makes these decisions(the product ones not necessarily the technical ones) also reports up the chain to make sure theses decisions are aligned with the organization.
The point is that all this stuff can be answered by the two people as a team, and if they disagree they have to figure out a mature way to present their disagreement or manage to convince each other. If you're an experienced engineer and you think your solution is better than the junior's, then by all means just lay it out for your teammate to understand and accept it. If you can't even convince your teammate, I'd be worried about what you're going to do about your superiors all the way to the CTO.
Ultimately if there are a couple paths then you end up listing the trade-offs together as a team, genuinely, and you present THAT to your superior so that you can have a higher-level discussion about what they see and want from their perspective. You do the homework together, and you do it well enough so that your manager doesn't have to work for you.. Which you should be able to do anyway if you were about to be the manager, right?
Then, they'd blame the manager when the report screwed up, fire him, and bring in another manager...