If its your own password you can change from the web interface. If it is someone else's password you can send a password reset email from the web interface.

To actually set someone else's password to a specific value does require running a command line script (not the same as going into db). In my view that is a reasonable security-convinence trade off.

In any case, i would assume a large org would use a single-sign-on extension and not mediawiki's native user management, which would make MW's password management moot.

Disclaimer: am mediawiki developer

There's a bunch of ways which don't involve manual database access? https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Resetting_passwords