Insect-worn microcamera streams video to phone 120 meters away
spectrum.ieee.org
spectrum.ieee.org
I can’t tell if that idea is 2 years or 20 years in the future, but it sounds neat.
But I'm not so sure it's that much better than dogs for search and rescue. Much more promising for surveillance.
...and those Things are bugs.
It might not be the only research lab doing this, but its the one I'm most aware of.
The smallest known camera module is the OmniVision OV6948, has the dimensions: 0.65 x 0.65 x 1.158mm, including 120 degree wide lens.
Sadly it cannot be purchased in single quantities :(
[1] https://www.digitalcameraworld.com/news/worlds-smallest-came...
Edit: It may help to describe your sample order request as being part of an evaluation.
Other companies like e2v do have sampling packs available for most of their standard sensors, and they're pretty friendly. Not quite so small though!
The camera used by these researchers, including its lens and panning head, is 200 mg (77 for the sensor and lens and mount, 7 mg bluetooth chip, and 96 mg boost converter). It's only 20k (160x120) resolution, monochrome. It has a wireless 120 m range.
The killer, however, seems to be power. The 10 mAh battery alone weighs 500 mg, which means the 200 mg vs <1 mg comparison becomes more like 700 vs 501.
The OV06948's power usage is 25 mW, which means a 10 mAh / (25 mW / 3.3 V) = 1.32 hour runtime, capturing 142k frames of video. The bug rig gets 6 hours, capturing only 108,000 frames of video. Perhaps you could get longer battery life out of the OV06948 if you slowed the framerate.
[1] https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=%28870+mg+%2F+%280.65+...
[2] https://www.ovt.com/download/sensorpdf/553/OmniVision_OVM694...
The rectenna would have to be much too large to produce anywhere near 25mW even at a 10% duty cycle.
I suppose if you didn’t mind ramping the RF output power way up you could shrink the antenna size, but not much smaller than 1cm^2 I think.
They are not cheap: https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ams/NE2D-CHIP-B-W-...
But this doesn't come out of any necessity. What uses are there for this? I bet 90% of usage for this is Surveillance. So we enslave living things just to enhance enslavement of human beings. I don't know, this feels very off.
Edit: I'm not the only one, cool.
While slavery is wrong, the semantic parallel you're building between slavery and scientific research on animals devalues the horror of being owned, lived by actual human beings.
There needs to be more debate and measure in the way we present animal pain and animal exploitation, which I believe are both acceptable. I wouldn't hit my dog! But I understand that we need to put down dogs in animal shelters without calling it a mass murder.
When you say "livestock enslavement is problematic" you're stating an opinion as if it were a fact.
However, I completely agree with you with the fact that we should limit this type of surveillance-focused research, which could end up in net negative happiness in the world.
If you're totally fine with it, why not just say "kill" instead of the soothing euphemism?
And that's the kind of mindset that got us into the mess we find ourselves in today.
I don't even think I contributed anything yet but I'm proud and wish for it to continue. Feel free to have a negative outlook on the achievements and impact of your species, but please, realize that it's simply your own opinion. Not everything is perfect! Climate change is a horrible byproduct of our presence and action. But wow, look how far we've arrived! How far we'll still go!
But how far? And by what measure? If we had awe-inspiring technological progress, but only increased the suffering of sentient beings, is that a win? Or is somehow scientific understanding, in and of itself, a worthwhile pursuit, and damn the consequences?
As it stands, we don't really have an accurate hedonic utilitarian measure we can use to decide if sentient beings are better off, even for humans. Though a cursory search leads me to the 'Gross National Well-being' measure, but such self-surveys aren't known to be reliable.
Have a look at the book „The Precipice“ by Toby Ord for more details: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Precipice:_Existential_Ris...
I didn't advocate a black and white approach of, using animals=evil.
I agree with most of what you say, I just think we should always ask ourselves these questions instead of blindly admiring the technical achievement, comfort, etc.
It's a matter of respect for the universe, part of the respect is aknoweldging that killing is part of this universe, but we should be thoughtful about it. And understand necessities vs excessiveness. It seems you do purposely think about these things, so I've got no qualms with you :)
I hope I'v made myself clearer.
Then why should suffering modes similar to us should be the measure of everything? I don't see the point. This all really sounds like bad anthropomorphism to me, and a very poor philosophy. I don't understand how it got so trendy, except as a side effect of individualism gone wrong.
You're mistaken. Noxiception is the evolutionary adaptation. That is the response of an organism to a potentially hazardous stimulus. Sometimes called "pain response", but it's not suffering.
> Suffering of a cow is certainly very similar to suffering of a human being, but suffering of an ant? Probably not.
Probably probably probably probably. You know science?
So noxiception has been proven in organisms as simple as C. Elegans.
Suffering has been proven in organisms as simple as snails. They were subjected to painful but non-damaging stimuli (hot needle) for a prolonged period of time and this measurably reduced their ability to learn (learning very simply maze puzzles, which snails can do). It paints a pretty clear picture of trauma.
I actually tried to explain what you can measure beyond simply "pain" (noxiception) about suffering. Because like you said, noxiception is present in many organisms and in many cases it can be (IMO very reasonably) argued they are simple stimulus-response mechanisms (without moral value), while in other cases (say, a dog suffering) it can be (also reasonably) argued that there are more complex things going on and morality comes into play.
The question is where to draw the line, which is hard. But you can estimate bounds of what constitutes suffering. I agree that merely having a specific response to a noxic stimulus isn't suffering. But I do believe that the fact that you can (long-term) damage the learning ability of a snail by applying otherwise non-harmful (but painful) stimuli, is something that at least to me comes awfully close to what I'd consider psychological trauma in a human. So it's not really a matter that it responds to some stimulus (like plants), but that the way in which it does shows a higher level function that to me seems somewhat analogous to how we suffer.
Doesn't tell me where exactly to draw the line, but does give me a clearer picture somewhat, at least leads me somewhere further than simply "does it have a pain-response?".
First of all, let us clarify what anti-speciesism means so that we are on the same page here and don‘t fight with windmills that don‘t exist.
Anti-speciesisim is the position that one should not discriminate on the basis of species as it is not a morally relevant criterion for making destinctions between living beings. The argument is that similar to the color of skin, there is nothing that we inherently value in being a member of a specific species. What we generally care about are other more fundamental criteria such as ability to feel pleasure and pain or some other criteria that could be a plausible source of value (e.g., potential to create value in the world which could be proxied by intelligence). Thus, it is totally possible to be anti-speciesist and still value human beings more than other animals based on the understanding that we are different in our ability to feel pleasure and pain or create value in the world. Moreover, in your post you have not made any argument which would put anti-speciesim per se into question.
Of course, you could argue that there is an inherent difference between non-human and human animals but you still need to define what that criterion is. If you believe in an evolutionary world view species doesn‘t seem like a good candidate since we basically randomly evolved from other animals and it would be totally unclear from which point on we were worthy of moral consideration. It seems much more likely that you care about something else then species but I am open to hear your side on the argument.
Now, where you probably see a difference to most anti-speciesists is the degree to which you want to give recognition to the moral value of non-human animals. For anti-speciesists, how much moral concern we should have for an animal is generally an empirical question that is based on some definition of cognitive function. Going down this route has the nice property of making things emendable to a grounded discussion about facts rather than just moral intuitions.
To sum up, I think you should really reconsider your position on anti-speciesism as it is a pretty defensible and logical position to take if you are inclined toward a scientific world view that recognizes evolutionary theory.
Regarding the moral question of using animals for food production if we don‘t have to (and trust me, we don‘t need to rely on almost all of the billions of animals we are slaughtering every year for reasons of tradition or taste), I can also recommend the following short video (2 min) on a thought experiment: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSUz6Rj5oo4
> When you say "livestock enslavement is problematic" you're stating an opinion as if it were a fact.
No but it IS a fact, if you agree you wouldn't hit your dog, I suppose that when you "put it down", you would also prefer to do it painlessly instead of giving it to a slaughterhouse that operates on such a scale that it can't quite 100% guarantee your dog might not dangle half-alive on a meat hook for a minute (or other types of accidents that definitely do happen).
If you agree that treating a dog like that IS problematic, we're doing this to animals that are literally just as intelligent and loving as dogs (namely, pigs), on a massive industrial scale.
Sure, I also consider myself sufficiently superior to animals to justify eating them.
But the way they are treated in the bio industry is absolutely problematic, for a various number of reasons actually.
What if you are flying an endangered animal some where it can reproduce? Is that ok?
Everything is a matter of degree. Calling people hypocrites for ever flying is riduculous.
Corny example, recycling is considered "good", yet still has a net negative impact, but for most people it's enough to feel good and stop worrying.
Very few things are strictly necessary, but many are definitely unnecessary: perverted maximisation of profits, planned obsolescence, avoidable food waste etc. Tech example: avoidable software bloat causing global increase in energy consumption.
You claim "feeding people is a necessity" and that it somehow balances out what we do to animals. You certainly know people can live well without animal parts in their diet. Even if by some bizarre reason humans required animal flesh in their mouths, it wouldn't imply that doing anything we want to animals would be appropriate.
Torturing a cow for 1 year wouldn't be appropriate if we could get the same cow meat without the torture.
Please learn about how animals are treated before you "find it morally ambivalent"
Due to the suffering of wild animals, eating beef is probably net negative for total animal suffering because a cow only has 1 brain for a ton of biomass.
Let's assume for the sake of argument that malnutrition cuts a human life short by 1 year. Does this now justify torturing hundreds of animals for hundreds of years?
I'm trying to nudge people to think of any argument that results in "we can now torture animals".
At this current time, we don't need to abuse animals to eat animals, we only do it because it's cheaper. I doubt many people in company of family and friends could say 'saving $1' justifies torturing animals.
Even if this were true, that still means the moral imperative is to eat as little meat as you possibly can, to avoid this scenario.
I'd be surprised if that were more than roughly half a chicken breast per week.
Also was an experiment a while ago where photons were both feeding the camera sensor and used to get the image itself. Granted resolution and clarity was bad but the images still could be used to recognize stuff. Combine that with a smart AI at receiver site and you can have full surveillance, at least for counting bodies (humans + cars) for your desired place (think gathering places like Tienanmen).
...a joke that hits way different after hearing the news out of Portland...
MI5 were lifting encryption keys via acoustic analysis of typing something like 65 years ago [Wright, Spycatcher]. And their budget was fairly limited, as opposed to the US agencies with their basically unlimited budgets (i.e. NRO)
I read a book suggesting that programme was discontinued as the cats kept getting involved in road traffic accidents.
Check out Black Hornet Nano for what was state of art almost a decade ago https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hornet_Nano
I love using sci fi as inspiration for new products.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_Dunn,_Invisible_Boy
[2] It's not invisibility ala The Invisible Man, but instead a dragonfly sized drone.
- Someone somewhere on a DARPA project
> The 1984 novel Peace on Earth by Stanislaw Lem tells about small bacteria-sized nanorobots looking as normal dust (developed by artificial intelligence placed by humans on the Moon in the era of cold warfare) that has later came to Earth and are replicating, destroying all weapons, modern technology and software, leaving living organisms (as there were no living organisms on the Moon) intact.
It's not a perfect match for your description, nor is it from the 60s, but it was the closest match I could find. Is that the book you were thinking of?
Maybe I'm sentimental and contradictory because when I drive a car over the Autobahn I'm killing hundreds of insects in an hour. At the same time I cannot harm a bug intentionally.
That said, I think a good rule is to not cause unnecessary pain/suffering in any living thing (e.g. if trapping rodents, use something that leads to a humane death).
Hmmmm... Of course... That is how it is gonna be used.
> The power system is the primary limitation here, but it might be possible to use a solar cell to cut down on battery requirements ... with a long-range wireless link and a vision system, it’s possible to add sophisticated vision-based autonomy to tiny robots by doing the computation remotely
Since WiFi can be used to see through walls and ceilings of buildings and homes, using low-cost passive sensors, such devices can be autonomously navigated. E.g. for indoor use, knowing light source locations for charging and camouflage.
From https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235234092... (2020):
> our dataset provides a collection of Wi-Fi signals that are recorded for 40 different pairs of subjects while performing twelve two-person interactions. The presented dataset can be exploited to advance Wi-Fi-based human activity recognition in different aspects, such as the use of various machine learning algorithms to recognize different human-to-human interactions.
Related project: https://dhalperi.github.io/linux-80211n-csitool/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super-resolution_imaging#Multi...
But I'll be stocking up on insect-killing sprays.
To coin a phrase, this is the "progress of d!ckheads".
I believe I saw somewhere they did that with rats. Fascinating, and yet so f'd up.
For a redteam project, I once made a spy camera that fit in a belt buckle. I’m not sure you’ll need to worry about surveillance implications of insect-mounted cameras; surveillance is already pervasive.
Make cameras smaller, and super glue them to a bug. Is there really a point, besides the trendy headline?
You might be able to do some interesting wildlife documentary movies, though.
In various posts years ago I predicted that this spying/privacy scenario wound happen comparatively soon, now it has happened. I then said to the effect that how is 'security' going to check every bug or fly that flies into a military research establishment and sits on a loaf of bread in the staff canteen and then proceeds to listen to scientists discussing secret info.
It's bloody nightmare I recon, and methinks it'll only get much worse. Heavens knows where the endpoint of this is likely to be.
"Oh, it is insect worn."
Who will own the copyright on the video?
Spinning a web is a metabolically very expensive process, requiring as it does a great deal of protein - protein which can only be recovered by either eating the spun silk again, or eating prey trapped by it. Spiders consequently have to be pretty smart about where and how they do it, because the ones who aren't tend not to reproduce. So it's usually a very safe bet that, wherever you see a spider web, it's there because that's where the prey tends to be. It can be interesting to see what sort of prey that is - for example, right now in the basement of my ~130-year-old house there are a couple of very happy cellar spiders enjoying a steady diet of pill bugs, and another by the kitchen radiator who all on her own solved most of an ant problem for me before I ever realized I had it.
They're actually very desirable animals to have around, in my thoroughly considered opinion, despite getting about as bad a name as wasps - and with just as little reason.
Presumably they also picked some reasonably available and suitable parts and tried what they can get, so there might be room for improvements now there is a baseline established.
But it only works if the data is treated medically. we won't ever stop the three letter agencies from abusing it (entirely) but we need to make PII more than GDPR and make it as sacrosanct in law as lawyer client / doctor patient confidentiality.