ARM licensing fee increase could drive some customers to competitors
techspot.com
techspot.com
MIPS could be a competitor, but AFAIK there is currently no "high-performance" mips processor. An ARM-like roll-your-own model might be feasible, but that would take at least 4-5 years (i'm just speculating).
RISC-V? Maybe, but again, neither tomorrow nor next week.
Regarding Apple... Apple is not stupid when it comes to money. My guess is that Apple probably cut a long-lasting deal with ARM (the company).
At this point though, I wonder why Apple hasn't bought a quota of ARM shares, given how much strategical it is.
But then again, Intel's Atom came from rifling through the design archive, and look at what's in Lakefield now...
Also — NXP already "cross-platform'ed" their QorIQ / Layerscape stuff from PowerPC to ARM, pretty sure if they don't like the license fees they could go back. (But that'd probably piss off their customers to no end. They'd rather use it in negotiating a cheaper ARM license I suppose.)