That hasn't worked out too well for them.
The reason no other country wanted to fund these projects, is because they have a history of defaulting on those loans. Additionally, these projects are a wound that doesn't stop bleeding. China has to continue pouring money in them for maintenance and upkeep too.
Unless China's goal is geopolitical neo-colonialism, I do not see any of their international infrastructure projects paying off any time soon.
Even if you don't like China, you should not pretend they are a in a weaker position than they are.
China is aging. while India have plenty of young cheap labors. its only natural for companies want India's labors and market.
Its certainly debatable whether belt and road is successfull, but I have recently recieved package from China to UK by Rail so at least some good came of it.
Also the countries China is investing in were neglected by West and wall street for decades.
The advanced economies are dependant on cheap goods, and not specifically Chinese goods. This will become more and more clear as decoupling gains pace. Corporate Japan has largely decoupled from China, with SK following close behind. US, Taiwan and European outfits are next.
China, however, is truly dependent on exports to advanced economies to sustain its economic and political model at its current stage of development. Its population is just too large.
> hindered by the large population.
This just doesn't make any sense.
Having a large population doesn't automatically result in a viable consumption based economy.