There is desktop version for Linux. It is still web app, probably wrapped as Electron app, but it integrates a bit better than plain web tab.
I use the Linux one and it actually works surprisingly well. Video calls, screen sharing, etc.
However, for some reason, if when you start Teams the mic is unplugged, it will never detect it if plugged in afterwards. I often use it on a desktop pc without a built-in mic, and I only plug my headphones in case of a call. 100% of the time I have to restart Teams.
Oh, and as others have said elsewhere, it's painfully slow. There's a constant sort of lag about it. For example the highlights changing in the chats list when moving the mouse on top of them...