A potential improvement might to split the scope of duties across more independent government entities. It's actually similar to how corporate management tends to plan management roles: things like end-to-end ownership of clear (and relatively limited) responsibilities. These days, the federal government's scope is massively larger than when the constitution was created.

One approach to splitting things might look something like this:

government A: education, taxes, social services, abortion, immigration, ...

government B: electoral issues, telecom/internet, mail, privacy, utilities, workplace regulations, ... basically, mundane areas that are more about boring competence and finding smart solutions. Or at the very least, serving the public will more directly.

This way, the boring yet important stuff can be done by B without being drowned out by the divisive stuff in A, where people become polarized into thinking they just need to vote against particular issues and there's no real accountability for the rest of it.

You might think that state-level government provides more accountability by being smaller, and this is true in some way, but for the most part I see the exact same thing happening where state government elections are mostly not providing much accountability in a lot of government domains because they aren't contentious enough to be the deciding factors in elections. But they are still important nevertheless.