There's a "Use <MY_MOBILE_NETWORK> billing" option in the Google Play App's Payment Method settings on my Android phone. I'm in the UK. (I haven't used it so I don't know how it works)
In the US, you shouldn't ever use this - you should just use a credit card instead.
In the UK everyone uses debit cards, so I'm not sure if this recommendation is still valid. In the US, using a debit card is possibly the only thing you could do that's worse than "bill my mobile carrier."