The higher price on Amazon is due to two factors - local reseller markup and expedited shipping.
Heck many AlizonExpress sellers will have multiple listings for the same product at different prices based on how fast they’ll ship.
So we can safely assume that both items ship from China.
So we can more or less safely assume that both are shipped from China.
Now when you wait 4-6 weeks for a delivery from China you are essentially waiting for them to fill a container, when you pay more for a shipping you pay for the extra shipping space wasted by expediting your shipping.
This is because of how international shipping economics work, international shipping is economical when it’s full to the brim since shipping companies have a flat tonnage tax.
This means that shipping companies are taxed based on the total tonnage capacity of their vessels not the actual amount or value of the goods they transfer.
Unless you source something locally in a manner that it’s actually environmentally more sounds that statement is false.
And don’t forget that even buying locally doesn’t guarantee any better environmental outcome, for example buying a 3D printed case form someone on Etsy is likely just if not more polluting than buying an injection molded case from China since the filament, resin and heck even the 3D printer itself came form China.