Based on this article, it now uses Hypervisor.framework: https://www.quora.com/What-hypervisor-does-Docker-use

> In Linux, Docker uses kernel features. It does not use any hypervisor. > In Windows, Docker desktop uses Hyper-V. > In Mac, Docker desktop uses Apple Hypervisor.framework.

Depends on whether you install Docker for Mac (uses HyperKit) or Docker Toolbox (uses VirtualBox)