Denmark has a funnier case. There are 6 cities/town within the Kingdom of Denmark with 0 of them in Denmark. (5 in Greenland and 1 in The Faeroe Islands; Iceland belonging to the Kingdom until 1944 has 2)

Trondheim and Bergen rank 3 and 2 in Norway (after the capital, Oslo). Some 200k people live in each. Not so small by scandinavian standards.

But Vadsø, Hammerfest and Longyearbyen are tiny - population 2-12 thousand.