In France, there are definitely a few. There are places where even the fire brigade gets attacked. That's why they're called "no-go zones". The police can still go there but only with heavy means; you can't just send a random police car with two cops there, you need special units in riot gear.

The French term commonly used in the media is "zones de non droit" meaning "areas outside of the law" or sometimes, perhaps more politically charged, "territoire perdus de la république" (the republic's lost territories).

Officially they are known under various names that start with "zone". Currently the official term is "zones de sécurité prioritaire" (areas of priority security).

Those areas generally correspond to the areas that most countries warn about in their advice to travelers when it comes to France.

They exist in other European countries as well under similar names.