The Higgs was discovered at the LHC. Before that there had been theories with no experimental evidence.
The problem with colliders is that the next energy thresholds where we expect to observe unexplained phenomena are a couple orders of magnitude greater than the proposed collider. So we could really only confirm existing theories unless something major is hiding in the energy gap. This seems unlikely.
Critics want to put the money towards avenues where we're likely to observe new things instead of confirming validated theories.