Bokeh is aperture and distance to subject, yes... but also sensor size. Phones have smaller sensors than even crop cameras.
Some phones actually have quite fast lenses. The iPhone 11 pro wide lens is f/1.8.
Some phones actually have quite fast lenses. The iPhone 11 pro wide lens is f/1.8.
The amount of bokeh you get between the two sensor sizes, even with the same f/1.8, exposure, and ISO, is going to be vastly different.
Long story short, the pancake gets almost 3 times as much light as the canon integrated lens, despite the higher f number, because of the areas and sizes involved on both. And if I had gone for an APS-C for FF camera, we'd be talking in the order of 5 to 10x more light (hence, better low light images, or the ability to use shorter exposures for the same results).
Phones f/1.8 cameras are great -- comparing to other phones. If you compare them to a camera (almost any camera), they're in trouble.