The significance of this article is that you don't need a big science lab like CERN to do useful experiments.
Diamond anvil cells are under $10,000:
https://diamondanvils.com/product-category/diamond-anvil-cel...
Diamond anvil cells are under $10,000:
https://diamondanvils.com/product-category/diamond-anvil-cel...
Did anyone really ever claim that?
* lasers used to heat up the sample (at least a few 10k$), * the actual X-ray source (i.e. a synchrotron, which costs hundreds of millions to build and millions annually to run, albeit for thousands of experiments a year), * surrounding instruments (such as X-ray detector for diffraction and spectrometer+camera for temperature measurements) * people who actually makes things work
This kind of experiment is far from being cheap technically speaking. However, access to beamtime at such state-run X-ray facilities (CERN job's is not to produce X-rays) is often free of charge, at least for academia (or as long as you publish your results). You "only" have to apply for beamtime.
The pressure usually requires a pressure driver to push the diamonds towards each other (some kind of very precise gas pump) which runs of of electricity.
The temperature however evolves rapidly: the sample is heated via laser (usually pulsed to observe dynamics but can also be considered continuous, i.e. above millisecond time scale).