OneNote's Linked Notes Taking does exactly this. You can combine it with the "Dock to Desktop" / Docked Window feature which makes it hijack a part of the desktop space (to the RHS, typically) so that you can continue to take notes while reviewing stuff on the LHS. The window on the LHS can be another OneNote window (or one of the other Office applications), and as you type in the RHS, docked window, sentences are automatically linked to the page and line on the LHS.
Unfortunately, I didn't find a single video showing the power of both Linked Notes AND Dock to Desktop, but these two show the usage of these features separately: