9k a year. Unimaginable for 18-years-old me.
Thank god (i.e. the French taxpayer) that allowed me (poor, 2nd-gen immigrant, blue-collar background) to have an Sw Eng diploma for free.
I would've been OK being forced working in France or for French companies for 10 years for this privilege. Tuition was 1000eur/year, and I always found this very low. Scholarships were needs-based and gave me 400eur/month. Tuition was waived.
Lodging was a really crummy 9m2 room all to myself (toilets, showers and kitchen common for 20 people) for 130eur/months.
It was hard life but perfect. I'd never rail against taxes...
What is breaking the system right now is they replaced the crummy 130-140eur/mo rooms with 'at norms' student apartments.
Application of building code and 'humane living' norms at its stupidest. Far less apartments, far more expansive... Met lots of kids recently struggling so hard during their school nights to make ends meet.
But 9k/year of tuition only? Only rich or middle-class kids could do that, and then not even sure how many.