Self Supervised Learning in NLP
amitness.com
amitness.com
On a more serious note, Hinton and other alluded to the need to restructure NLP studies as to focus more on the nature of recursion within language, which is basically what Chomsky has been saying for decades. It's interesting to see whether they converge.
Also, I always wondered, do those methods work universally on all languages? For example Chinese, Korean and Japanese, with different alphabets.
Some of these methods do. For example, the tasks that power word vectors apply for many languages. https://fasttext.cc/docs/en/crawl-vectors.html
Masked Language Modeling has been applied to learn cross-lingual language models. Look into: https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.07291