The though experiment illustrates that the same actions in different circumstances can have different results. What part of that assumes the only variable worth considering are the actions of the individual? The central point is that, as you say, whether or not we apologize depends on the circumstances.

I agree that you have to consider more than only the actions of the individual. I believe, if there is fault, it lies with not just one person, but also the circumstances. In cases where the circumstances are determined by management, company culture, legacy code, etc, the fault lies with many if not everyone. Thus, if one should apologize, then everyone should apologize.