Michigan's Ex-Gov. Snyder Knew About Flint's Toxic Water – and Lied About It
vice.com
vice.com
Where it not for the leaded joints spiking lead levels in people, they probably would have gotten away without anybody noticing. Nobody would have noticed anything was off until years later when the water system is leaking like a sieve with nobody to blame for it.
EDIT: Sorry, I had the wrong company down as Dell and CEO before. Don't post from memory folks.
eMachines -2004 acquisition-> Gateway
Wikipedia is wrong: not Gateway in 2000, but 1997 saw several sub-$1k computers, and possibly the first was the Compaq Presario powered by the Cyrix MediaGX. I recall taking some community college computer course in sophomore(10)/junior(11) year of high school about 1994 and the lecturer predicting the sub-$1k computer.
https://www.cnet.com/news/the-secret-history-of-the-sub-1000...
The switch was essentially forced by a broke DWSD trying to squeeze a broke Flint system. When Vice writes
Despite DWSD’s cheaper offer to Flint
it's a damn lie. DWSD was already charging TWICE ($12M) what the KWA contract was to charge, even for the larger supply and the wider pipe... and they were increasing their charge for the subsequent contract.Neither the governor nor the special manager chose the switch singlehandedly -- it was passed by the council on a 7-2 vote, including a majority of its Democrats. Similarly, Obama's EPA voiced no objections to the switch when it happened.
The "heavy metals" and other nonbiological contaminants issues were not in the supplied water -- they leached out of the crappy Flint city and individual homes' pipes. As for the Legionella, that I haven't researched, but it seems really odd that if it was in the water supply at or before the treatment plant, it should have affected all neighborhoods equally, if it entered later.
The water draw directly from the river after the switch was only part of the supply, and even that was only temporary until that pipeline was finished.
Sure, if if had been known or assumed from the outset that past FWD governance had allowed such crappy and poorly maintained pipelines to be so unusually vulnerable to lower pH water, they could (and should) have been proactive in adding buffering chemicals... but again, none of this happens without DWSD gouging the hell out of client water systems like Flint. When you're broke, $6+ million a year is real money (nearly $200/year per family).
Places like Illinois are financially insolvent and are cutting back on all sorts of things.