Would an encrypted home suffice?
[0] I was going to say GNU/Linux system, but pmos is based on Alpine which isn't really GNU so much as Busybox/Linux...
That said: Yeah, Android+Linux is super weird if you're used to GNU+Linux:) And I'm pretty sure it would be more complicated, since I'm basically proposing that we protect data but not code; I think you'd need to protect /data at a minimum, maybe more (I forget where Android sticks the "internal storage" directory). That said, I think you could do it on Android.