Thank you for the questions, I would suggest you a couple of really good resources on YouTube that makes learning this kind of notions quite enjoyable and profitable.
If you already have some basics of electronics and you want to deepen the computational aspect, Ben Eater did an exceptional video series on how to build a Computer on a breadboard. You can check it out here:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLowKtXNTBypGqImE405J2...
and here: https://eater.net/.
He goes through the definition of a logic gate, on how to build each module of the Computer, up to the meaning of computation and Turing completeness.
If you're more concerned on the electronic side you here are a couple of very good channels to start with: