The snarky answer is "Americans and Japanese don't leave their country and Europeans have essentially free roaming in Europe."
But I can buy roaming packages for almost every country in the world from my provider. That's what I do now instead of getting a SIM from the country I travel to. I used to do that but it was too much of a hassle for the handful of weeks per year I might be abroad.
Another option is to use one of your old phones with a local SIM.
At least for me (european), roaming packages are much more expensive than local sims. Nowadays, I just get a $10 to $50 sim at the airport right after exiting the plane, and that covers all my need for a few weeks. A few years ago, I thought dual sim was a gadget, but I couldn't do without now .
Apple's website has a list of carriers that support eSIM: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209096
From what I'm seeing, it's mostly the primary carriers and "travel data" providers that are adding support for eSIM. If someone is on a MVNO for daily use (I am), they might be out of luck.