Coyotes are being seen on the empty streets of San Francisco
sfgate.com
sfgate.com
Schools of fish so dense they would bring boats to a halt in the middle of the Atlantic. North America had more large wildlife than Africa. Whales as far as the eye could see all day long. Walruses in the Thames in London.
I did a couple video essays on what I learned from a wonderful book The Once and Future World:
My video essays: https://youtu.be/ZLAvBiols2Y and https://youtu.be/U4NZdciDozI
The book: https://www.amazon.com/Once-Future-World-Nature-Could/dp/030...
https://dchhaddendum.libsyn.com/ep5-nightmares-of-indianapol...
"Atlantic salmon runs so abundant no one is able to sleep for their noise. Islands “as full of birds as a meadow is full of grass.” Whales so numerous they were a hazard to shipping, their spouts filling the entire sea with foam. Oysters more than a foot wide. An island covered by so many egrets that the bushes appeared pure white. Swans so plentiful the shores appear to be dressed in white drapery. Colonies of Eskimo curlews so thick it looked like the land was smoking. White pines two hundred feet high. Spruce trees twenty feet in circumference. Black oaks thirty feet in girth. Hollowed-out sycamores able to shelter thirty men in a storm. Cod weighing two hundred pounds (today they weigh perhaps ten). Cod fisheries where “the number of the cod seems equal that of the grains of sand.” A man who reported “more than six hundred fish could be taken with a single cast of the net, and one fish was so big that twelve colonists could dine on it and still have some left.”
I used the word “incredible” advisedly when I introduced these images. Incredible means something like “impossible to believe”; indeed, incredulity is a common response when we are confronted with evidence that things were once vastly different than they are now."
(I posted the MacKinnon section here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22064787)
Prior to arrival of the Europeans, the continent was full of Native Americans who lived in an ecological balance with wildlife.
When the Europeans arrived, the diseases they brought wiped out 90+% of the indigenous population, according to some estimates. By the time they explored the continent, the population was mainly gone, far in advance.
So there's a strong theory that the incredible over-abundance of wildlife the Europeans saw was actually a huge ecological imbalance, as many animals had lost their natural (human) predators.
And that phenomena such as millions of passenger pigeons blocking out the sun overhead weren't "natural" at all, but actually severe ecological imbalance.
(This isn't to say, of course, that now we haven't swung way too far in the other direction. But just that the tales of abundance aren't necessarily a naturally balanced state either.)
80,000 years may be a blink in an eye in evolutionary terms but it does not take that long for a predator to come into an environment and become entrenched as the natural check on some other species.
I would say https://science.sciencemag.org/content/314/5802/1111 for example of introduction of species
something like this https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/285705 for how dominance of predator works.
However not sure how well the Native Americans were actually keeping animals in check given the many species they have been shown to have helped bring to extinction.
That said not sure how long it would take from being a natural predator to being a keystone species.
One doesn't need to be someone's long time natural predator to have an impact
The fallacy that, IMO, we are falling into is (ironically) caused by scientific reductionism... the simplest explanation is probably the correct one. This doesn't work as well for the evidence types paleoanthropology has to work with.
Take Israel or Morocco as a comparative example. There were sapiens there before Neanderthals, but they are not thought to be ancestral to any modern people. The majority are not. This makes intuitive sense when thinking of species or subspecies (eg Neanderthals), but it works the same with populations.
Also, it's easy to think of ourselves in permanent "infinite growth" mide, where we colonise and dominate. But, recent years aside, humans bloomed and receded just like other species. Range expanding and contracting.
Just because a population is in the same place does not mean that it's ancestral. The first, second or eighteenth population may have no current ancestors... or none in that area.
As Dawkins puts it "descendants are common, ancestors are rare."
Native Americans weren't a monolithic group, and the balance with wildlife is just a part of the noble savage myth, for most of the groups. Maya, Toltec, and Aztec societies deforested Central America quite significantly before collapsing (and before Columbus).
Closet racism. There is far more evidence that Europeans destroyed these cultures and ignored their advances, than there is proving this so-called myth.
See for example, the Australian FNP. They were far, far more advanced than European propagandists could allow anyone to imagine.
We are STILL uncovering major advances in these cultures today.
Other thank some claims about land management and herbal medicine, what were that not only more advanced in but FAR more advanced?
Ship building, metallurgy, literature, maths, chemistry, conflict management, law?
I am genuinely curious.
I am genuinely curious. [after all propagandists have prevented me from imagining, let alone knowing.]
There is much to learn about oneself once you drop the prejudice.
I'm not suggesting we haven't "advanced" beyond them now, but I am suggesting that we may have overlooked something in our race to the moon, and their 40,000 year old tradition of unbroken oral tradition ..
> before collapsing (and before Columbus)
In the alternate universe you come from, who was fighting Cortez?
They were referring to the arrival of Columbus as the watershed moment that signal the arrival of Europeans en masse to the Americas.
> Maya, Toltec, and Aztec societies deforested Central America quite significantly before collapsing (and before Columbus).
On a second reading it seems that GP had most likely meant that they were deforesting before Columbus, not that they had collpased before Columbus, but it's still strange to refer to getting conquered as a "collapse".
Notice that there isn't a 'noble industrialist' meme? I wonder why?
But those quotes are about a lot more than one iconic species. Overall, the picture is accurate.
Native Americans who lived in an
ecological balance with wildlife.
One of the competing explanations for the disappearance of the
woolly mammoth in North America about 10k years ago is that they were hunted to extinction. Other explanations make hunting a co-factor.Here is an interesting map of the historic and current grizzly bear ranges.
https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/historical-and-current-gri...
It is truly amazing how nearly completely we wiped the continent of wildlife. Many of our teams are named after the animals we wiped out. Florida Panthers, Jacksonville Jaguars, California Golden Bears, Michigan Wolverines, etc.
> Whales as far as the eye could see all day long.
The near extermination of whales along our shores changed geopolitics. One of the reasons why commodore perry "visited" japan was to open japanese ports to our whalers.
https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2014/02/05/257046530/b...
https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/53/10/994/254987
Nevertheless, is so sad that humans have effectively pushed animals outside of their habitats. Animals are smart enough to avoid humans, just as a deer is smart enough to avoid a wolf, but at some point the world is only so big.
There are places still.
From my first hand experience, I'd assume any wooded area with cover in SF has a coyote living there.
That they would wander out of the wooded areas is no shock. A couple years ago I saw one strolling along the sidewalk in the Presidio not far from Main Post, acting more or less the same way a tourist would.
I did, however, get to see hummingbirds for the first (and so far only) time in my life.
And I appreciated the signage for giving me some of the history and and pointers on what to keep an eye out for.
They were pretty small though. I wouldn't want my Yorkie near them, but they were more like an oversized Fox.
I worry about people with dogs since dogs can easily chase a coyote, corner it then get bitten or eaten if it's small enough.
https://web.archive.org/web/20100501095227/http://www.chron....
https://www.france24.com/en/20200324-wild-puma-captured-in-d...
https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/discovery-parks-co...
Never in my life have I seen such blue skies over LA. And my parents don't ever remember it being clearer either.
At least this shows what some stricter climate controls can do to both the climate and the economy and the tradeoffs involved.
Still, I wholeheartedly agree on the concept. I'm curious as to how to fix the followup problems that will occur from fixing the primary problem.
You’ll find that people will adapt quite quickly as the price ramps up (we can smear over a year if we need to). Carpooling, switching to electric, or just getting a closer job will all suddenly seem very feasible when the numbers are concrete.
Do people not get that not everyone is a knowledge worker whose work is always done on a computer?
I also hope that there will be some dip in relevant global climate measurements, so there will be something to point to and say: "here's direct empirical evidence that climate change is man-made and that reducing emissions helps mitigate it".
climate change / carbon (dioxide) and carbon taxes are about long-term temperature change due to C02 concentration and the effects of that. COVID-19 isn't changing that in 1 year.
Local pollution is caused by burning gasoline and factory smoke.
I don't expect COVID-19 to show up too strongly in temperature graphs, but I hope some of its effects show up somewhere with large enough effect size that we have a statistically significant dip in the chart to point to as direct evidence that human activity is causing this, and changes are meaningful to fixing it.
It has become increasingly difficult to find locations which are purely nature. I wonder how much easier it has become since the number of people generating "work noise" has fallen so much?
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/sep/24/machine-...
https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/aircraft-detection-radar-19...
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-42104894
And it turns out I was wrong. There is one spot 21.7 miles away from a road deep in Wyoming.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coywolf
They are known to be incredibly smart and stealthy. They are adept at adapting to, and living in urban environments.
Like domestic dogs, they understand line of sight, as in, they are keenly aware of what direction a person is looking. This helps them remain unseen, while surviving in very close proximity to humans.
We know coyotes are living in virtually every corner of the US at this point. I wonder if these are pure bloods, coywolves that have migrated to the west coast, or maybe a new hybrid or sub species?
PBS Nature has an amazing documentary describing the Coywolf. Check it out if you have PBS Passport!
https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/coywolf-meet-the-coywolf/860...
https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/meet-the-coywolf-infographic...
I once did a night "hike" up to Tibidabo. This wasn't organized or anything, just a few friends and I took a commuter train out of the city to the base of the mountain, semi-stranding ourselves. Then we walked up to the top, slept outside on the hilltop and enjoyed the sunrise the next morning.
Tibidabo has an amusement park and a cathedral, so there was a night security guard who was very confused by the 4-5 tourists hanging out outside his gate at night, although he didn't complain much.
The relevant bit here though is that on the walk up the mountain, we saw more than one wild boar out on the roadside, including a whole family. It was unexpected and frightening.
And a funicular!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JMaFfAxq0o
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/nov/30/berlin-h...
There will come soft rains
--------------------------
There will come soft rains and the smell of the ground,
And swallows calling with their shimmering sound;
And frogs in the pools singing at night,
And wild plum-trees in tremulous white;
Robins will wear their feathery fire
Whistling their whims on a low fence-wire;
And not one will know of the war, not one
Will care at last when it is done.
Not one would mind, neither bird nor tree
If mankind perished utterly;
And Spring herself, when she woke at dawn,
Would scarcely know that we were gone.
I'd never even seen a photo of one before, but I knew what it was straight away because its face looked like Wile E Coyote!
I live in a small town in the SW of England, UK called Yeovil pop. 45,000. We have loads of foxes and badgers. Foxes seem roughly comparable to a coyote. I regularly see foxes here and not just in the parks. I do live rather close to a lot of park as well as the town so that helps.
Sadly the badgers in Somerset seem to be suicidal and shoot themselves before jumping over hedges into a road. That's before, during and after an official cull to try and avert TB in cattle. Science ... lol.
Until, talking to a friend the grew up in Newfoundland that casually mentioned, to echo your parent comment, "From time to time, we had polar bears. Don't get close to a polar bear."
And then I come to San Francisco and one just walks past me and sniffs my hand while I'm going to the 7-11. Didn't even register that it wasn't just a dog until it had walked past.
It's crazy how much more comfortable around humans animals become in urban environments.
Did not expect that.
All those movies show how fast nature will take over. Within 10-14 days animals will be walking everywhere.
So I am not surprised we see animals moving into cities.
And it is also true a lot of animals are already around but are very shy. So we don't notice them but they are already around.
They aren't very big. They will attack small pets and children that are alone, but they typically leave adult humans alone.
I used to go for six mile walks in the High Desert for exercise. I routinely ran into coyotes. They never bothered me.
I did tell my children to not go out alone at night. There had been two or three attacks on children in the previous five years.
I have a dog phobia due to things that happened when I was about four years old. I'm not similarly afraid of coyotes.
Of course, I wouldn't want to run into a large pack in the dark either. They can and will take down deer as a pack and did so sometimes within earshot of my tent when I was homeless.
So, I mean, don't be stupidly cavalier, but lone coyotes are known to not be particularly dangerous to adult humans.
This is an important qualifier; they are not always alone.
So thank you for pulling that out and highlighting it.
I like this game.
For folks further out into the 'human/wildlife interface' as the Forest Service calls it (or the 'cafeteria' as I call it) sightings of all wildlife is up. Some friends who retired out in Brentwood[1] (not the LA neighborhood, the town outside of Livermore CA) They now have nearly continual deer presence and multiple daily sightings of Coyote and Fox around mid-morning and dusk. They have heard mountain lions but haven't seen one yet, and no bears so far.
[1] https://www.google.com/maps/place/Brentwood,+CA+94513/@37.90...
Across the pond, "brown bear" probably means ursus arctos arctos, a cousin of our own more foul-tempered beasties.
But when a Californian says "brown bear", usually they just mean a brown-coated black bear (https://bear.org/black-bear-color-phases/).
Well that's confusing. Whenever I hear brown bear (in hunting contexts, etc) I assume grizzly.
EDIT: Also https://www.backcountrychronicles.com/grizzly-bear-distribut...
You still have to take bear precautions there because of black bears, though.
Over the past few years I've seen the odd pheasant within ten minutes walk of the centre of Basingstoke as well as the occasional deer sprinting across the ring road dual carriageway.
Hopefully we all get to see more wildlife as life quietens down a little and, at least in the UK, we can be sure not to encounter anything even remotely dangerous.
I think we all got PWNed this time.
Actually, they weren't, in the PNW. Coyotes were restricted to central North America until 1700; when European settlers extirpated wolves, coyotes moved in to take their place.
See: https://urbancoyoteresearch.com/coyote-info/north-american-d...
Yes, yes, cue the "preying on young men in bars" jokes... :-P
[1] http://stanleyparkecology.ca/conservation/co-existing-with-c...
Coyotes are generally quite meek around humans. You weigh 150 lbs and are 5' tall (or taller) they are perhaps 70 lbs wet and 26" at the shoulder. If you so much as make eye contact with them, they'll generally leave immediately.
Once I was walking through some brush in a city park in Calgary, AB and a siren went by. The whole area around me lit up with howling. Little unnerving, although coyotes are pretty cowardly out West (in the East they've interbred with wolves and will once in a blue moon take a hiker down).
The ones in town are a bit less shy.
What's strange is last night our chickens were attacked by an eastern red fox. Usually they're super skittish and shy around humans, but as I (along with 3 other people) was rescuing my rooster from under a car, this one kept circling around, thinking he was going to get his prey back from us. Not scared at all.
(FWIW roosters are amazing animals... this one seems to have charged the fox to get it to drop one of the hens, and then fought with it and decoyed it away from the hens a good 200 feet down to the road, then it hid under a car of some people who passed by and witnessed this all happening and stopped. All birds survived, just missing some feathers. Rooster gets lots of treats today.)
Right now the planet is drawing a great big sigh of relief.
Yet we have politicians that are just busting to get things ramped back up to the crazed consumption-driven frenzy that we treated as normal until a few weeks ago.
Plenty of raccoons too. For some reason those are more comfortable around people. One night I met one walking towards me on the sidewalk. First I thought it was a fat cat. I stepped aside as he strolled by me, he stopped, gave me a greeting stare and proceeded on his business.
Coyotes pop up pretty regularly in Sacramento, too (which is somewhat unsurprising given the proximity to farmland and other open areas, but somewhat surprising given the degree to which Sacramento's suburbs sprawl and would be expected to push wildlife further away from Sacramento itself).
EDIT: It could be the small Indian civet instead. Needs someone to identify
https://www.iheart.com/podcast/105-stuff-you-should-know-269...
...I showed a snapshot of a "coyote" once to someone who insisted it was actually a wolf.
So this isn’t new although perhaps more are venturing out for longer periods of time due to the streets being emptier.
Normally they're just fine. They prefer to keep distance, but it's best to keep an eye. Any bold behaviour usually means they're hungry, which can lead to desperation.
Them and raccoons, those devils.
(they're so _cute_ though!... xD)
If it is Los Angeles, then rabies from raccoons is not really a worry. The raccoon rabies reservoir in the United States is just in populations in the southeastern, mid-Atlantic, and northeastern states.
Raccoons can be downright creepy, though, in the right circumstances: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lW-6MxobUeU
growing up out in the country taught me to not worry too much about wild animals generally, but that any animal can be dangerous under stress (including humans!).
I have only seen them being 'successful' if are large tracts of land around the cities that they can live at. Would they be able to live in, say, Manhattan?
If not, as we expand the urban sprawl, they might become less successful... And coyotes are not the only species we should be worried about.
Dogs were domesticated by hanging out near humans. Seems like Coyotes are following the same general pattern from thousands of years ago.
I was of the mind
To lay your burden down
And leave you where you stood
I agree though, we should get out on some new space vessels soon to buy some insurance and project ourselves into the far future.
Surely we recognize that living things exist independent and outside of us without needing to lessen our own existence.
>Couldn't you make the analogous argument that the extinction of all life on Earth would be fine since it would have absolutely no effect on the vast majority of the universe?
I suppose you could but that's not what I said.
even leaving out monkeys and apes, i think other animals like for example racoons can make it to the "sapient" level with time if humans would "release" the space back to the Nature. And i think we have only very slightest idea about birds and insects. Cro-Magnon has been i'd say a version 0.7 of sapience with major bugs and broken&missing features, and i'd not be surprised if the Nature had other versions in the works.
If I was going to bet on non-human sapience, though, I'd go with crows. Intelligence seems to be most effective if you combine it with social instincts to create culture. Crows do this already.
Oh, you're a "social ecologist" aren't you?
There is nothing fascist or right-leaning in the notion that human activity largely has a negative impact on the natural world.
Humanity has an outsized impact on the world (natural and artificial). Our influence has impacted nearly all the ecological niches on earth. That said, assigning moral agency to me (or you) for that depends on a series of logical connections between ways of being and the human impact on the world.
We each choose (somewhat - hard to choose to be born in the first world) how we live, but individuals have limited agency for what "humanity" does as a whole. It's all well and good to say "humans bad" (and I don't totally disagree?), but that perspective has been out there for a while and humans are still doing the bad things. Seems like we should search for different approaches.
Scare quotes because I refuse to debase the word 'terrorism' by extending it to include property damage.
Edit: To put it mildly, the average Earth Firster has almost nothing politically in common with, e.g., the Christchurch shooter or the Unibomber.
In addition, our actions determine the fates of non-human species much more than their actions our fates.
Also recall that humans, as an invasive species, can be adept at destroying ecosystems. There's a big, interlocking series of forests in South America, for instance, that gets a lot of attention, but that's hardly the only example.
Humans mostly tend to radically reshape local ecosystems for their own ends, at times collapsing them.
Aside from some very local remediation successes here and there (which are more repair jobs than preservation), I'm unaware of any evidence that humans have "recognized, anticipated and averted" any of note.
Do you have any?
Farms are inherently unstable - the 'system' is missing. From an ecological perspective, they're no more an ecosystem than you'd get if you released a bunch of random animals in your house. You'd have a new 'system' that lasts until they die.
However it's only a matter of time until something large collides with Earth and destroys it all.
Like it or not humans are the best chance this planet has to continue life on after a cataclysmic event by hopefully colonizing another planet.
I swear the most common "crazy story from my vet" is the soccer mom that rescues a litter of puppies that she found on her run...