Suffice to say, having hundreds of thousands of gallons of standing water on the roof was not a good thing in the long term. Nor was it good in the short term. The extra weight. Algae. Mold. Icing. Leaks everywhere. Just awful.
The new way is to plant a garden up there, which seems a lot more reasonable and probably gives a similar thermal load.
Sun lamps on 200ft towers - definitely possible with modern lighting options, but horribly energy wasteful and likely to annoy people more than help them.
Thorium power generators - research is ongoing as you can see from the articles that often pop up on HN. The main barrier is still materials science.
Atomic "liners" (passenger vessels) - easily possible if not for general distrust and extreme regulation of nuclear power. For example, there are a number of nuclear powered ice breakers in service today.
Metal-walled houses - also possible, but so ridiculously expensive no one actually does it. Worth noting is a lot of commercial construction uses metal studs today.
Plastic modular houses - also possible (see mobile homes as an example), but the large majority of people don't want them because of the "cheap" factor. Also in many places the property costs a lot more than the house itself, so construction material savings is low priority.
Chemical hair remover for shaving - turns out this is harder than it seems. Chemicals that can break down hair have a rather annoying tendency to also be really harsh on skin.
Controlling weather - The amount of energy needed to do this is ridiculous, as are the environmental impacts of things the article suggests (covering the ocean in oil and lighting it on fire...)
Supersonic/rocket planes - The tech has been available for many decades, but the market demanded cheaper tickets rather than faster planes, so development went in that direction instead.
Plastic modular houses ... not quite houses but used structurally where providing novel utility. For example they fill two-part fused thermoformed plastic containers with water for crowd control in riots. Recently half of Hong Kong was filled with these. https://www.google.com/search?q=water+filled+barrier