I want to jump into some basic NLP, but I'd like to stick with one or two toolkits. I had heard of nltk before this, but are there any other comprehensive or sort of succesful frameworks out there one should be aware of? (Either in python or something else)
-Stanford's Tagger, Parser, and NLP Core
-Apache OpenNLP
-Lingpipe
Many smaller components are made to be compatible with IBM UIMA (of Watson fame), so they are able to be integrated into a pipeline somewhat easily. For examples of this in biomedical TM, see http://u-compare.org/ .
People will kill me for saying this, but truly: Python's performance isn't adequate for large-scale text mining, _especially_ if you want to do deep/full parsing. Shallow parsing as shown in this package's demo is more feasible.
I personally find NLTK convoluted, but in its favor, it does have readers for a TON of corpora, which is really nice.