> Robinhood said last week that a confluence of factors -- record account sign-ups along with highly volatile and historic market conditions -- led to unprecedented stress on the firm’s infrastructure.

> That heavy load caused the so-called Domain Name System, or DNS, to fail.

Not a developer. Is it not customary just to hard-code IP addresses instead of domain names when the app is communicating with your own servers? I would assume that would make every interaction faster and is something that would be done anyway.