It definitely
worked in 2K - there were many apps that implemented it as a bling feature as soon as it became known. The question is whether it was documented at the time.
If you were able to build it for Win2K, and it compiled successfully, then it was supported - it wouldn't be in the headers otherwise. Even if you build it with XP as a target, and then run on 2K, you'd get a regular Win32 error about not being able to resolve a symbol from a DLL. Getting a BSOD indicates a driver issue.
MSDN also says that it is supported for Win2K+:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winuser/n...
Aero in Vista was something else - it was the first version of Windows that did whole desktop composition, and so it could do all kinds of fancy stuff, similar to Compiz that preceded it on Linux. Transparent windows in 2K/XP used per-window composition.