I know first hand small employers that had employees go on parental leave, hired replacements, and then without too much hassle could keep the replacements and fire the one on leave, because there are many exceptions you can do as a small employer. So I find your entire rant confusing and not matching my experience.

I’ve been on parental leave myself and my small employer hired a replacement, and by the time I got back we were both needed because they ran a successful and expanding business.

Again, you leave out important details. It's also capped at a low level - like 80% of 3000 Euros/month or something. So high earners like you (and me) feel a bit more pain. But you know what, it's worth it. I cherish the time I have spent with my kids on parental leave, it's worth all the money in the world.