FSX had a couple missions with scenarios like this. "Limited Options" (see: https://www.fsdeveloper.com/wiki/index.php?title=FSX_Default...) simulated a dual-engine failure on a 737 over the ocean, which required a glide to one of a couple small islands near the Maldives.

Similarly, I enjoyed a mission that required landing a 747 in Singapore during a monsoon. I'm really looking forward to FS2020 and what it'll look like to do the same thing with the graphics enhancements and new weather simulations.

That's in rather poor taste unless you want to use it to learn how to prevent such catastrophes. You wouldn't need to completely replicate a real scenario for that.

You're in luck -- that exists today!!!!

With the combination of a professional P3D license, weather add-ons, and quality add-on aircraft from companies like PMDG, you really can recreate a lot of those scenarios with exceptional detail. Throw in a high-end VR headset and you can really feel like you are there! Here's an example of me playing around at home ignoring a windshear alert:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04FeelpjzvE

Flight Simulator 98 (or 95?) already had these. I remember playing one where a small aircraft had to recover from being flipped upside down from following too closely behind a heavy airliner on a landing approach, with limited fuel available. They weren't associated with particular historic disasters, but these days no doubt you'd be able to create and publish your own.

I believe I recall seeing the Gimli Glider scenario in one of the previous versions (Maybe Century of Flight, or FS X?)

If the mission/scenario scripting engine is capable enough, there would probably be lots of scope to build famous (and fictional) failure scenarios.