EDIT: You can take a quick skim through the FAANG VPE's on LinkedIn. Most were:
1) Promoted internally to VPE vs hired in at that level
2) At the company for a significant amount of time.
I got a <10% raise after much haggling at one company and a 50% raise by switching companies into a lower-stress position. Maybe it's better at companies with a defined career ladder, but it's not worth it to stay elsewhere.
Then something similar happened again a couple of years ago.. The top local software companies in Japan were offended when I told them I'd been making 180k USD/year but would be willing to settle for ~140k USD to work for them. Anything over 120k was just unthinkable, and even that was a stretch in their minds. I didn't have much luck explaining that Silicon Valley firms are just going to roll in and eat their lunch if they don't hire people like me. It was better for my long-term savings to work 1-2 years in Silicon Valley, then hang around and be a jobless bum in Tokyo for 1-2 years than to work full time in Tokyo for 2-4 years.
Moral of the story: Go where the money is
It’s very difficult to find the same comp package elsewhere. I basically need to be invited to similar jobs.
FWIW, in many countries, these are standard features of any employment contract. The US has unusually weak statutory protections for workers.