They do work well for the vast majority of people. Only on HN do I ever see people complaining about cloudflare/captchas/etc.
However, I see people complaining about Cloudflare in lots of places other than here. The number of people adversely affected by Cloudflare is not small.
Regarding Cloudflare, a regular user will have no idea about what Cloudflare is and what they do. If something like the OP happens to them, they will just figure “the site is broken” and move on. So there could be a large hidden number of users who have suffered from overzealous Cloudflare blocking without being able to identify it as such.