this describes a t cell receptor that recognized and killed cells from several cancers while sparing healthy cells

theoretically this could may made into a therapy by taking t cells from patients, modifying their DNA to express this receptor, and then readministering the modified t cells to patients

there are two FDA approved drugs that use this basic approach. however, this only works currently in "liquid tumors", not "solid tumors" like breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate, etc

This article gives a nice, simple explanation as to why solid tumors are more difficult (scroll down to the chart): https://www.the-scientist.com/features/the-next-frontier-of-...

if this works, then the first challenge listed in the chart would be mitigated. however the challenges of a suppressive tumor environment and sufficient delivery to tumor cells is still a major unsolved challenge