https://www.downloadtheuniverse.com/dtu/2012/04/monets-ultra...
https://photographyoftheinvisibleworld.blogspot.com/2012_05_...
As cool as accidental historical biohacking is, I think the Monet-UV hypothesis should be taken with a grain of salt.
If my educated guess is correct then "somewhat unlikely" seems like quite an understatement to me! :D
(I have protanomaly myself, and never considered that men could hypothetically be tetrachormats as well. This was a fun through exercise)
Edit: spelling
The hack is that their visual cortex is multiplexed in a way that certain colors or color combinations might be interpreted as feeling like seeing "plaid" or "tartan" even though the color is solid.
It's been a few years since I read "Deepness", but I don't recall that the Spiders were ever referred-to as genetically-engineered. I'll definitely look into that.
re: the perception of color - I took that to be the Focused translators' interpretation of the spiders' vision, rather than a literal description of the spiders' cognitive process. I've always read the portions of the book that take place on the spiders' world as being a narrative created by the translators, in which the incomprehensibly-alien spiders are made more "relate-able" by analogizing alien concepts with human concepts.
Speculation on top of fiction:-)