These numbers are very misleading. If you at the graph of effective tax rates of the 1% going back to the 1950s, the 1% only paid slightly more in income taxes than they do now (~40% vs ~35%).
PS. FWIW, I chose this particular table as an example mainly because much of today's political debate, e.g., in the US Democratic party, is about raising marginal tax rates for the highest brackets.