If American consumers stop subsidizing health care R&D costs, what will happen to the R&D? Will it decrease? Will health care costs in other countries increase as they start to bear some of it?
The other problem right now is that it's not profitable to create drugs that actually cure anything. It's far more profitable to research drugs that help control chronic conditions (like diabetes, hypertension or Alzheimers) rather than drugs that can cure a condition outright. This is one part of why nobody researches things like antibiotics anymore.
A friend of mine works in pharmaceutical marketing, and the big revelation I got from him was that the marketing departments run the drug companies from the top to the bottom. If marketing doesn't see a billion dollar market for a new drug, it won't even be considered for clinical trials. The VC in biotech knows this, so they won't fund startups that don't have this potential.
There was a HN thread on this recently in relation to antibiotics. [1] Antibiotics are a special case for their own reasons, but ultimately if the potential for insane windfalls isn't there, big pharma is not interested.