I also don't think it is hyperbolic say he doesn't have basic debugging skills. What qualifies as basic debugging skills? Like he isn't capable of using a debugger and introspecting code? He can't use a print statement and look at code? Debugging an E2E bottleneck is not trivial.
Maybe the optimizer picks a poor plan and you can't figure out how to make it work better. Maybe the schema has redundancy you can't change or the indexes aren't suitable for that query. Maybe it's auto parameterizing constants and the query with the problem has a parameter causing different behavior than the original constant used in optimizing the query, or maybe your query with 1000 elements in an in list worked great in memsql or whatever but is slow unexpectedly in the database you ported your app to. There are downsides to everything.