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There are a bunch of "standards" for representing knowledge. E.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Web

[Edit] Here's a wider overview: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_representation_and_r...

Thanks for the link. It seems to talk about a knowledge graph type links between entities. It is however in a human language (here, english). I am interested in knowing if there's something analogous to "math" to represent knowledge.

The knowledge is represented in the links. Words don't inherently mean anything. The meaning of a word is how it relates to other words. The "math" of knowledge representation is in manipulating and searching the graph. The nodes can be named anything, because the names aren't knowledge, they're just tags on parts of the knowledge.

Most of human knowledge are represented in logic. Semantic web is designed from description logic. A less powerful logic than first order logic.

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