Yahui: The Chinese Art of Elegant Bribery (2011)
opendemocracy.net
opendemocracy.net
This type of bribery is common everywhere. In Europe it's usually a real painting. Bribe is just overpaying for it. Switzerland is center of this. Geneva Freeport is full of paintings, watches and artifacts used as intermediaries for bribes and money laundering.
Verified real painting bought for $50,000 sells for $500,000 in auction after bidding 'competition'. Buyer is some Russian businessman. Seller is a wife of someone working for major European bank. Rich shady businessmen are drowning in art because they love the art so much and can't stop themselves.
In the last nine years my new job has me interacting intimately with Chinese nationals in the USA and China. Every few months I get reminded that most, but not all, Han Chinese have very different moral rules. It's very disheartening.
Those with immense political clout, who are born red with innate immunity, they play financial games. It's largely legal, much more profitable and effortless. The NYT has written many articles about Chinese listed companies with red investors and princelings.
That is why corruption is endemic to authoritarian regime. In a state where it is impossible to climb the ladder without accepting bribes and giving them, you make sure everybody and guilty and its easy to do some "clean-up" whenever you need it.
Anti-corruption operations in authoritarian regime is just this, replacing problematic cronies with more faithful ones.
Systemic corruption is a proven mean of control.
*Was - the caveat to this system is that prolonged corruption is damaging to social stability - hence Xi's anticorruption drive that later analysis have determined to be more pragmatic than pure power grab - CCDI doesn't punish 1 million officials for shits and giggles. But up until recently, it's mostly targetted low-level "flies" versus high-level "tigers" - which I surmise is much more politically difficult, but high-ranking shakeups are underway since last year. As for sincerity of these reforms, wiki-leaked analysis on Xi when he was vice-premier can be summarized as: not the smartest but utterly incorruptible (his family not so much).
What intrigues me the most is that it is sort of implicitly the de facto standard. Curious how cultural mores develop!