Sometimes the only way to change things is to incept the idea.
I choose not to work in such places anymore. Obviously, not everyone can do that.
My experience has shown me that it can take years to find the seams that you need to tug on to expose deep-seated work culture problems.
There are other more specific questions you can ask, but they tend to vary enough I wouldn't offer them as general advice.
I have asked interviewers the opposite: what aspects of the team or company need improvement and what steps are being taken to address them? Of course they will sugarcoat their answer, but you can still glean some insight into the company culture for addressing problems.
In my experience most people don't really like their jobs and are just in it for the paycheck (there's nothing wrong with that, bit if you're talented enough to be picky you should be).