Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and Contractors (2004)
dhs.gov
dhs.gov
A case of government accomplishing things the private sector has still not successfully managed.
The actual identifier is a "FedIDCard", a smart-card token used as an identifier.
I've also implemented a PKI-based smartcard authentication system at some organizations.
The US DOD started getting rid of passwords before the rest of the federal government/HSPD-12.
Hopefully other organizations can get rid of passwords soon as well.
That's the real problem.
And then come back and find that card doesn't work. After an hour or so of pulling out and reinserting you discover a coworker took your card out and out a piece of clear tape over the chip.
That's true, yes.
But it's not general-purpose computer identification.
(The thought that credit cards might become the de facto identification token is numerous spectacular shades of terrifying.)