how do you teach a teenager to 'not take things at face value' without inserting your own opinion about news that's fake?
'look at this fake news asserting A...this story is misleading because B is actually true'.
'look at this fake news asserting A...this story is misleading because B is actually true'.
Regularly mix in half truths or outright lies and see who challenges you. Check a few classes later for who verified the claims. Do this often enough and at least 1% will bite.
Lastly, the habit of reading for pleasure is a natural fake news antidote. Over time, a person who reads widely will build enough expertise to spot rubbish.
Example, in unknown territories, I could be as gullible as my grandmother. Yet, it's very easy for me to spot wrong, misleading results on Google's search results and articles - in areas where I'm well read.
I've told my younger bro that his MBA professor's wrong about in one area or another. Since I don't have an MBA, he'll naturally discount my position. He'll however, agree with me a few month's later, when another professor or sometimes the same prof backs up my claim.
Summary: Cultivate the hacker's love of boundry-less learning in kids.
The same can be done with data visualizations.