In my opinion, somewhat due to the breakdown of the nuclear family.
People still view single parenthood as a certified bad thing. Perhaps you could say that Japanese families are less nuclear because there are more relatives in the picture (I don't know if that's true) but unless that had an uptick at the same time as child suicides, there seems no basis for your suspicion, or even any reason - why would having more relatives in the picture increase suicide?
[1] http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20190129-the-plight-of-japan...
[2] https://www.meiji.ac.jp/cip/english/research/opinion/Akihiko...