Micropayment Barriers (1998)
nothings.org
nothings.org
I find the design of the page quite beautiful.
http://www.scottmccloud.com/1-webcomics/icst/icst-5/icst-5.h...
http://www.scottmccloud.com/1-webcomics/icst/icst-6/icst-6.h...
Transaction fees are there, but don't have to be enormous. Our code can also optimistically unlock the page under the assumption that pending transactions will eventually go through, so block time is also less of a concern.
Right now the tricky thing is that it requires a browser extension if you want to transact directly with crypto (or use one of the few browsers that come with a built-in web3 wallet).
We also have a managed crypto wallet service that allows people to pay with credit cards, but it isn't widespread because it can only be used to buy keys for locks we have approved.
The cost of crypto transactions has always been known, it just used to be paid for by the userbase as a whole when the block reward was more substantial, whereas right now the user pays for their own transactions.
I actually think the Lightning network is a semi-viable solution, it essentially overlays a "credits" system onto the original network that's especially appropriate for micro-transactions.
Besides, "every node" is not true of Bitcoin even today. Neither my desktop nor my mobile Bitcoin client save a complete history. Miners need history, but maybe there can be a different model of mining. I'm not a customer at all the credit card companies out there, only one. Maybe I could also be only be a customer of only one fixed "miner" in some future system? Possibly a new but fixed one I can pick per transaction, rather than today's essentially random assignment of who gets my fees? Yes, this wouldn't be Bitcoin anymore, but as I wrote above, I don't think Bitcoin is what we need anyway.
I’m pretty sure that last time I repaired an ASIC it had just one crappy 256MB sd card (which was the reason it needed a repair). Maybe pool coordinators still need history, idk.
That's for purely on-chain transactions. There's also a partly-offchain solution called "zkrollups" that uses zero-knowledge proofs to reduce the storage for a simple value transfer to 11 bytes, without introducing any unpleasant security assumptions like requiring the user to be online to receive payment or prevent cheating. Combining that with sharding gets to about a quarter million tx/sec.
If that's not sufficient for micropayments, it's fairly straightforward to extend zkrollups to make payments probabilistic: e.g. to pay one penny, send a 1% chance of paying a dollar. There are some potential doublespending issues here but for voluntary tips that's not a problem.
I can only hope the former will notice that offering ancient technology is not a good way to keep customers.
So then it's not free. Instead of charging you a transaction fee, they charge you "time", since time is money, and they can make money off the in-flight money (via interest, ostensibly).
SEPA is bank transfers with delays of entire days - that makes them completely unfit for micropayments.
In Australia, our regular banking system lets you register your mobile phone number (or business/company number or email) as a 'PayID' and then that's all the info you need to send somebody an instant payment... Even our older system usually only takes until the next afternoon or morning on a business day (I believe the older inter-bank payments are settled in two batches per business day).
I think the usual explanation is that this system gives banks a pool of money that they are always free to invest in the time that it's neither in the original owner's nor the recipient's account.
The Wikipedia page says "Area served: Sweden" and points out that even Norway and Denmark use similar systems. So this is quite limited. But sure, would be good to have something like this globally.
I agree it would be great to have something like this globally. Or at least to begin with inside of the SEPA (which recently introduced international instant payments)
In a sense, WeChat Pay etc in China have already "overcome barriers" to micropayments, even tho the amounts do not need to be micro.
The simpler solution is: no fees for small debit transactions, once the baking system is modernized the cost of a transaction is in fact close to zero. This is already the case in Western Europe.
This difficulty compounds because banks went through a big derisking and are more or less allergic to MSBs. It seems a little anti competitive to have the banks deny you access to payment processing. The alternative is they will charge very high account maintenance fees (10k per month has been quoted to me).
I really want to build something like this but it will be a legal nightmare. No wonder people are looking to cryptocurrencies to solve these issues. I'm actually a little excited about libra since they will have the resources to overcome these hurdles.
(I'm not averse to paying and have a digital subscription to one national newspaper, but paying for thirty newspapers just so I can click on reddit links without hassle seems unreasonable.)
I may have a hundred million pageview credits, but it's still a gnawing "This will cost me one." It's still going to end with "we're outside the big network and want a seperate fee."
The simplest answer is to pull the consumer from the purchasing loop. Create a state endowment to pay artists and journalists a living wage, public-domain all the things, and then we can browse in peace, knowing our taxes paid for it.
A newspaper could put up a widget saying "these are our monthly expenses, and here is how much in tips we have collected so far this month". People interested in keeping the paper going would tip. Or, well, maybe not, tragedy of the commons and everything.
The important difference to "pay per view" being that you have less of the "this is going to cost me one" problem. You can see what the paper offers and then pay what you think is appropriate. It does seem to work for Wikipedia.
https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2018/09/li...
I'm an old fart, I never understand why free games can make a lot of money from selling "powerups" and even vanity stuff like "skins", but as we all know, it's big money.
I even don't understand people buying scratch cards/vouchers from convenience stores with marked-up price.
TL;DR: Lots of free apps/games, yet people pay, sometimes at premium/need to literally walk to a shop.
And, not only Google Play or Apple AppStore, WeChat and other super-apps are also enabling micro payments.
Some issues are still valid though, such as monopoly by the middlemen.
I was like yourself with this belief until i tried out mobile legends at a friend's request. I'd always read how bad those games were for that but I didn't really get why until I seen it myself. The game is so full of dark patterns and Skinner boxes to get you spending I don't even know where to begin. It's my first f2p game with things like that, it boggles my mind how much crap is being constantly thrown at me to get me to spend money on random skins, powerups, and heroes. Even when you're not playing, the game entices you to log in to give you a free chest every few hours with a push notification. It reminds me of the way a drug dealer gets customers hooked. They give you little bits of free shit when you first start then cut you off hard after a week.
Sub-cent might matter for third world countries wanting to micropay for a western content creator, but it's more than good enough for the 4+ billion of people in developed economies.
And I'd say, relative cost-of-living considered, even someone making $100 dollars month could afford a cent payment, like a person making $3000/month can afford a $5 latte. But I don't think many $100/month populations have "how do I support a western content creator already living 20x as luxuriously as me" as their concern...
So if that was the issue, we could already solve it with cent-granularity payments....
Yeah, maybe for folks in Silicon Valley who have bank accounts.
What about the other few billion people?