There's no impediment to completing Chapters 1 & 2 in Clojure, but the first chapters are not what is called to mind by "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs" [1].
- Function redefinition is extremely useful required if you want to write your code in a linear fashion as intended. Clojure automatically sets up a major hindrance here.
- A few subchapters explore parallel computation, Clojure is likely to lead you astray here as you try to find directly corresponding functions and why exactly the authors are suggesting.
- Several chapters explore mutable lists in detail. Serious complaints have been made about the suitability of Racket here, where there exists no more of a barrier than that methods which operate on mutable lists are prefixed with a specially named qualifier. Clojure would be functionally impossible here.
- On the plus side, the "JIT" meta-evaluator will be a much more interesting challenge!
You'll notice that all of these issues can be worked around. However, SICP with exercises will take you about a year if you're a serious student.
[1] Huffman trees exercises excluded.
[2] Doing the whole thing in Emacs Lisp is potentially fantastic. I don't know if I can wholeheartedly recommend it, but I would be really pleased if someone wrote tests and built the metaevaluator, compiler and really went the whole nine yards here.
I've been working through the book in Javascript - https://github.com/ahuth/sicp/. Maybe I'm losing something by doing it in JS instead of Scheme, but I'm still learning a lot and having a ton of fun.
Wrote a little bit about SICP here: https://ahuth.github.io/articles/the-first-time-sicp-blew-my....
I’d suggest going with a scheme such as racket.